Typhoid Vaccine

Overview: The typhoid vaccine is used to prevent typhoid fever, a serious illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. Typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and water and is most prevalent in areas with poor sanitation. There are two main types of typhoid vaccines: the injectable inactivated vaccine and the oral live attenuated vaccine. Both vaccines are effective at providing immunity against typhoid fever.

Types of Typhoid Vaccines:

1. Injectable (Inactivated) Typhoid Vaccine (Typhim Vi):

   • Contains purified Vi capsular polysaccharide, an antigen from the Salmonella typhi bacterium.
   • Administered as a single intramuscular injection.
   • Protection typically begins about two weeks after the injection.
   • Recommended for individuals two years of age and older.

2. Oral (Live Attenuated) Typhoid Vaccine (Vivotif):

   • Contains live, weakened Salmonella typhi bacteria.
   • Administered orally in capsule form, taken over the course of four doses on alternate days.
   • Immunity begins about one week after the final dose.
   • Recommended for individuals six years of age and older.

Mechanism of Action: Both typhoid vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against Salmonella typhi. These antibodies help protect against the bacteria in case of future exposure, reducing the risk of developing typhoid fever.

Indications: Typhoid vaccination is recommended for:

• Travelers to areas where typhoid fever is common, especially in parts of Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean.
• Individuals living in or traveling to areas with poor sanitation and hygiene.
• People who are in close contact with someone who has typhoid fever.
• Laboratory personnel who work with Salmonella typhi bacteria.

Dosage:

1. Injectable Vaccine (Typhim Vi):

   • A single injection provides protection for about two years.
   • A booster dose is recommended every two years for ongoing protection.

2. Oral Vaccine (Vivotif):

   • Four capsules are taken over eight days (one capsule every other day).
   • Protection lasts for about five years.
   • A booster series is recommended every five years if continued protection is needed.

Benefits:

• Helps prevent typhoid fever, which can lead to severe complications like intestinal perforation and bloodstream infections.
• Recommended for travelers to regions where typhoid fever is endemic.
• Provides long-term protection, especially with booster doses.

Note: Medication costs do not include consultation fees.

Please note that you will have to come to the clinic to receive this treatment.